"""Create a hard multiple choice subset of the ImageNet validation split based on human accuracy annotation data."""

from typing import Dict
import argparse
import json
import pickle
import numpy as np
import scipy.io


def get_imagenet_labels() -> Dict[str, str]:
    """Return ground truth wnids."""
    with open("ILSVRC2012_devkit_t12/data/ILSVRC2012_validation_ground_truth.txt") as fp:
        ilsvrc_idxs = [int(line.strip()) for line in fp]
    ilsvrc_metadata = scipy.io.loadmat("ILSVRC2012_devkit_t12/data/meta.mat", simplify_cells=True)
    ilsvrc_idx2wnid = {
        synset['ILSVRC2012_ID']: synset['WNID']
        for synset in ilsvrc_metadata['synsets']
    }
    return {
        f"ILSVRC2012_val_{img_id:0>8}.JPEG": ilsvrc_idx2wnid[idx]
        for img_id, idx in enumerate(ilsvrc_idxs, start=1)
    }


def get_hard_examples(num_choices: int = 4, seed: int | np.random.Generator = None):
    rng = np.random.default_rng(seed)
    gt_labels = get_imagenet_labels()
    with open("human_accuracy_annotations.pkl", "rb") as fp:
        annotation_data = pickle.load(fp)
    examples = []
    for imgname, annot in annotation_data['initial_annots'].items():
        if imgname.startswith("ILSVRC2012") and len(annot.get('wrong', [])) >= num_choices - 1:
            if gt_labels[imgname] not in annot['wrong']:
                wrong_choices = rng.choice(annot['wrong'], size=num_choices - 1, replace=False)
                examples.append({
                    'image': imgname,
                    'choices': [gt_labels[imgname]] + list(wrong_choices),
                    'correct_answer': gt_labels[imgname]
                })
    return examples


def construct_ancestor_map(wnids: list):
    """Construct map of deepest common ancestor for all pairs of ImageNet classes."""
    ancestor_map = np.zeros((len(wnids), len(wnids)), dtype=np.uint8)
    def iterate_postorder(node: dict, depth: int):
        # Leaf node
        if node['children'] is None:
            idx = wnids.index(node['wnid'])
            ancestor_map[idx, idx] = depth
            return [idx]
        # Iterate over children
        all_leaves = [
            iterate_postorder(child, depth + 1)
            for child in node['children'].values()
        ]
        # Connect branches together
        for branch in range(len(all_leaves)):
            for other in range(len(all_leaves)):
                if other == branch:
                    continue
                for leaf_a in all_leaves[branch]:
                    for leaf_b in all_leaves[other]:
                        ancestor_map[leaf_a, leaf_b] = max(ancestor_map[leaf_a, leaf_b], depth)
        return sum(all_leaves, [])
    with open("imagenet_hierarchy.json") as fp:
        root = json.load(fp)['tree']
    iterate_postorder(root, 0)
    return ancestor_map


def get_filled_hard_examples(num_choices: int = 4, min_hard: int = 1, seed: int | np.random.Generator = None):
    """
    Construct hard MCQA examples using human annotation data.
    Examples with fewer than the required number of 'wrong' annotations will have remaining answer choices filled in.
    """
    rng = np.random.default_rng(seed)
    with open("imagenet_wnids.txt") as fp:
        wnids = [line.strip() for line in fp]
    gt_labels = get_imagenet_labels()
    ancestor_map = construct_ancestor_map(wnids)
    
    with open("human_accuracy_annotations.pkl", "rb") as fp:
        annotation_data = pickle.load(fp)
    examples = []
    for imgname, annot in annotation_data['initial_annots'].items():
        if imgname.startswith("ILSVRC2012") and len(annot.get('wrong', [])) >= min_hard:
            if gt_labels[imgname] not in annot['wrong']:
                # Get hard wrong answer choices from human annotation data
                if num_choices - 1 < len(annot['wrong']):
                    wrong_choices = list(rng.choice(annot['wrong'], size=num_choices - 1, replace=False))
                else:
                    wrong_choices = list(annot['wrong'])
                # Fill in remainder from hierarchy
                gt_idx = wnids.index(gt_labels[imgname])
                for depth in range(ancestor_map[gt_idx, gt_idx] - 1, -1, -1):
                    if len(wrong_choices) >= num_choices - 1:
                        break
                    neighbors = [
                        wnids[idx]
                        for idx in np.nonzero(ancestor_map[gt_idx] == depth)[0]
                        if wnids[idx] not in annot['wrong'] and wnids[idx] not in annot.get('correct', [])
                    ]
                    if num_choices - 1 - len(wrong_choices) < len(neighbors):
                        wrong_choices += list(rng.choice(neighbors, size=num_choices - 1 - len(wrong_choices), replace=False))
                    else:
                        wrong_choices += neighbors
                examples.append({
                    'image': imgname,
                    'choices': [gt_labels[imgname]] + list(wrong_choices),
                    'correct_answer': gt_labels[imgname]
                })
    return examples


if __name__ == "__main__":
    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser()
    parser.add_argument("--n-choices", "-n", type=int, required=True)
    parser.add_argument("--output", "-o", type=str, default=None)
    parser.add_argument("--fill", "-f", action="store_true")
    parser.add_argument("--min-hard", "-m", type=int, default=1)
    parser.add_argument("--seed", type=int, default=42)
    args = parser.parse_args()
    if args.fill:
        dataset = get_filled_hard_examples(args.n_choices, args.min_hard, seed=args.seed)
    else:
        dataset = get_hard_examples(args.n_choices, seed=args.seed)
    print(f"No. of examples: {len(dataset)}")
    if args.output:
        with open(args.output, "w") as fp:
            json.dump(dataset, fp, indent=2)
        print(f"Saved to '{args.output}'")